![]() ![]() Unfortunately, most patients with PCa eventually develop metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) within 2–3 years of undergoing ADT ( 3, 4). Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is one of the most important therapies for patients with hormone-sensitive PCa. China has the sixth-highest rate of incidence and mortality due to PCa ( 2). Prostate cancer (PCa) is the world’s second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men ( 1). ![]() Trial Registration:, identifier ChiCTR2100046212. Furthermore, the study also aimed to identify the predictive biomarkers associated with immunotherapy for treating mCRPC. Additionally, radiation-related and immune-related early and late toxicities were determined, respectively. Furthermore, the exploratory endpoints included the identification of the predictive biomarkers and exploration of the correlation between biomarkers and the tumor response to the combined regimen.ĭiscussion: This study included three treatment stages to evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapy and the combination of immunotherapy and radiotherapy for patients with mCRPC who have had at least second-line treatment failure. Secondary endpoints included prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response rate, disease control rate, overall survival, radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS), and biochemical progression-free survival (bPFS). Primary endpoints included safety and objective response rate. Radiation methods and lesions were individually selected according to the specified protocol. All patients received tislelizumab monotherapy induction therapy for two cycles, then combined with multisite radiotherapy for one cycle, followed by tislelizumab maintenance therapy, until either disease progressed or the patient developed unacceptable toxicity. Methods: The study included patients with mCRPC who had at least one lesion suitable for radiotherapy and failed androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), followed by at least one novel second-line endocrine therapy. This study aimed to describe a protocol to evaluate the safety and efficacy of multisite radiotherapy combined with tislelizumab as a salvage therapy for mCRPC in patients who had at least one second-line treatment failure. 6Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Chinaīackground: Tislelizumab combined with radiotherapy as a salvage treatment for patients with end-stage metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is not reported.5Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.4West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.3West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.2State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.1Department of Abdominal Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.Ke Cheng 1† Yuqing Wang 2,3† Ye Chen 1 Jingjie Zhu 4 Xiaohui Qi 5 Yachen Wang 4 Yanqiu Zou 4 Qiuhan Lu 4 Zhiping Li 6* ![]()
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